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Consumer Disputes

Complete guide to handling consumer protection disputes in small claims court.

Consumer Protection Disputes

Defective products, services not delivered, refund disputes, and warranty issues are common small claims cases that help consumers recover money from businesses.

$100-$10,000
Typical Claims
30-90 Days
Refund Window
2-4 mo
Typical Timeline

What Small Claims CAN Handle

  • Defective products that broke or never worked
  • Services paid for but never received or poorly done
  • Refunds promised but not provided
  • Warranty repairs or replacements not honored
  • Auto repair disputes (overcharging, shoddy work)
  • False advertising or misrepresentation claims

What Requires Different Courts

  • Product liability causing serious injury (personal injury court)
  • Class action consumer fraud cases
  • Claims exceeding state small claims limits
  • Lemon law cases with specific state procedures
  • Credit card disputes covered by federal law (FCBA)
  • Identity theft or major fraud (criminal matters)

Common Scenarios

📦

Defective Product

You purchased an item that was broken, stopped working shortly after purchase, or didn't match the description. The seller refuses to refund or replace it.

Typical claim: $100 - $2,000
🔧

Auto Repair Disputes

Mechanic overcharged, performed unauthorized repairs, did shoddy work that didn't fix the problem, or damaged your vehicle during service.

Typical claim: $500 - $5,000
🛠️

Service Not Delivered

You paid for a service (cleaning, moving, repairs, event services) that was never performed, partially done, or done so poorly it needs to be redone.

Typical claim: $200 - $3,000
📜

Warranty Not Honored

Your product is under warranty but the manufacturer or seller refuses to repair, replace, or refund despite a covered defect or malfunction.

Typical claim: $300 - $4,000

Evidence You Should Gather

Strong documentation is essential for consumer disputes. Gather these items before filing.

Purchase Documents

  • Original receipt or invoice
  • Credit card or bank statement showing payment
  • Service contract or work order
  • Warranty documentation
  • Product manual or specifications

Photos & Visual Evidence

  • Photos of defective product or damage
  • Before/after photos (for services)
  • Screenshots of online listings or ads
  • Video showing the defect or problem

Communications

  • Emails with seller/service provider
  • Text messages about the issue
  • Chat logs from customer service
  • Demand letter you sent (keep a copy)

Supporting Evidence

  • Independent repair estimate
  • Expert opinion or inspection report
  • Similar complaints online (BBB, reviews)
  • Comparable product prices for damages

Critical Consumer Protection Info

Cooling-Off Period
For door-to-door sales over $25, you have 3 business days to cancel under the FTC Cooling-Off Rule.
Implied Warranties
Even without a written warranty, products must work as reasonably expected. This "implied warranty" protects you.
Statute of Limitations
Usually 2-4 years for consumer disputes. The clock starts when you discover or should have discovered the problem.
Demand Letter First
Many states require you to send a demand letter before filing. This often resolves disputes without court.

Pro Tip: File BBB Complaint First

Many businesses will respond to BBB complaints to protect their rating. This creates a paper trail even if they don't resolve it.

Credit Card Chargebacks

If you paid by credit card, you can dispute the charge within 60 days under the Fair Credit Billing Act - often faster than court.

State Attorney General

Report businesses to your state AG's consumer protection division. They track complaints and may take action against repeat offenders.

Calculate Full Damages

Include all costs: purchase price, shipping, repair attempts, time off work for appointments, and any resulting damages from the defect.

Example Case + How This Site Helps

Example: A retailer sold you a defective appliance and denied a valid return.

You bought a washer that failed within a week. The seller rejected your return request even though policy and warranty terms should cover it.

Typical claim range: $400-$2,500

What to collect first

  • Receipt, order confirmation, and warranty language
  • Photos or video of the defect and troubleshooting attempts
  • Customer service chat or email showing refusal to refund
1

Confirm fit and priorities

Start with the quiz so the app can steer you toward the right dispute flow and state rules.

Take the quiz
2

Organize evidence and timeline

Use Case Manager to track facts, deadlines, and uploads so your story is clear and ready for court.

Open Case Manager
3

Prepare your pre-filing package

Generate a demand letter and supporting documents to improve settlement chances before filing.

Build demand package
4

Plan filing and hearing prep

Use filing guidance, calendar, and statement tools so you can submit correctly and present clearly.

Review filing steps

Ready to Assess Your Consumer Dispute?

Take our intake quiz to organize your facts and see if small claims is right for your situation.

Legal Disclaimer

This page provides general information only and is not legal advice. Laws vary by state and locality, and information may be outdated. No attorney-client relationship is created. Consult a licensed attorney for advice about your specific situation. See our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy.

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Disclaimer: This assistant explains how to use this website only. It is not a licensed attorney, does not provide legal advice, and cannot evaluate your case. Information may be incomplete or outdated. Always verify with official court websites and consult a lawyer for legal advice.